A fascinating multi-cultural area, homeland of many indigenous communities:
- Tuvans, Buryats, Altaians, and Yakuts in RUSSIA (Southern Siberia)
- Khalkhas, Uriankhais, and Kazakhs in MONGOLIA
- Kyrgyz in KYRGYZSTAN, and Kyrgyz, Pamiris and Wakhis in TAJIKISTAN (GBAO) AND AFGHANISTAN (Wakhan corridor)
- Hunzas, Baltis and Wakhis in the Gilgit-Baltistan region of PAKISTAN
- Tibetans, diversified into Khampas, Changpas, Amdowas, Ü-Tangpas, Ngari-pas in the TAR, Sichuan, Qinghai, Gansu, and Yunnan regions of CHINA, and other minor Turkic and Mongolian ethnicities: small communities of Yugur, Oirats, and Kyrgyz in Gansu and Xinjiang.
- Ladakhis, Zanskari, Pangwals, Bhots, Lahaulis, Changpas, Bhotias, Brogpas, Lepchas, and Monpas in INDIA
- Mugun, Dolpas, Lopas, Nubris, Tshum Bhutias, Langtangpas, Yolmopas, Sherpas, Lhomis, and Walungas in the upper sections of the Himalayan valleys of NEPAL
- Ngalop Brokpa, Sharchop Brokpa, and Layas in BHUTAN